Recorded in August 1982.

Composer: Tom Waits.

Personnel: Tom Waits (vocals, guitar, fiddle, harmonium, synthesizer); Crystal Gayle (vocals); Fred Tackett (guitar, electric guitar, banjo); Carlos Guitarlos (guitar, electric guitar); Dennis Budimir (guitar); Anthony Stewart, Anthony Clark (bagpipe); Stephen Hodges (harmonica, drums); Francis Thumm (harmonica, glass armonica, anklung); Les Thompson (harmonica); Pete Jolly (accordion, piano); Teddy Edwards (saxophone); Randall Aldcroft (baritone saxophone, trombone, horns, baritone horn); Joe Rimano, Joe Romano (trumpet, trombone); Chuck Findley, Jack Sheldon (trumpet); Dick Hyde, Richard Hyde, Bill Reichenbach Jr. (trombone); Donald Waldrop (tuba); Gayle LaVant (horns); Bob Alcivar (piano); Eric Bikales (organ); Ronnie Barron (keyboards); Emil Richards (vibraphone); Victor Feldman (marimba, bass drum, snare drum, congas, tambourine, percussion); Greg Cohen, Larry Taylor (acoustic bass); Big John Thomassie, Larry Bunker, Shelly Manne (drums); Richard Gibbs (glass armonica); Jeff Porcaro (percussion); Clark Spangler (programming); John Lowe, Lanny Morgan (wind).

Audio Mixer: Biff Dawes.

Recording information: Leeds Instrument Rental (08/1982); Sunset sound (08/1982).

Unknown Contributor Role: Francis Thumm.

Arrangers: Francis Thumm; Tom Waits.

Though Tom Waits had spent most of the '70s establishing himself as one of America's most distinctive singer-songwriters, SWORDFISHTROMBONES found him reinventing himself and creating one of the most original sounds in popular music. Leaving behind his Kerouac-influenced lyrics and lounge-lizard piano-bar stylings for an unprecedented eclecticism that merged Brecht-Weill artsong, Captain Beefheart-style avant blues, Harry Partch-inspired junkyard percussion, along with a healthy dose of everything else but the kitchen sink.

All this sonic exoticism would be for naught where it not accompanied by equally striking, arch songwriting. SWORDFISHTROMBONES moves from the Ken Nordine-style recitative of "Frank's Wild Years" and the demented Delta blues of "Gin Soaked Boy" to the marimba-laced shaggy-dog tale "Shore Leave" and the crazed, Loony Tunes instrumental "Dave the Butcher."

The blazed a trail that Waits (and countless imitators) would follow fruitfully for years to come, and remains one of the most impressive recordings not just of Waits's career, but of anyone's.